Le Labo

Fabrice Penot and Eddie Roschi opened Le Labo on Elizabeth Street in New York's Nolita in 2006 as a laboratory rather than a shop: each perfume is mixed by hand at the moment of purchase and sealed with a label bearing the customer's name and the date. The names follow a formula, main note plus number of ingredients, which is how Santal 33, launched in 2011, got its name before becoming one of the most recognisable scents of its decade. Estée Lauder bought the company in 2014.